mcframework.utils.z_crit

mcframework.utils.z_crit(confidence: float) → float

Two-sided normal critical value \(z_{\alpha/2}\).

For a given confidence level \(1-\alpha\), this returns the upper \(1-\alpha/2\) quantile of the standard normal, i.e. \(z_{\alpha/2} = \Phi^{-1}(1-\alpha/2)\).

Parameters:

confidencefloat

Confidence level in (0, 1) (e.g. 0.95).

Returns:

float

\(z_{\alpha/2}\).

Raises:

ValueError

If confidence is not in (0, 1).

Examples

>>> round(z_crit(0.95), 2)
1.96